(Prof. Karamat Rajput) Lot has been written & much the viewers have known about COVID-19. Following is the crux of this Pandemic attack on human beings.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China’s Hubei province, and has since spread globally, resulting in the ongoing 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic.

Common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Other symptoms may include muscle pain, sputum production, diarrhea, sore throat, loss of smell, and abdominal pain. While the majority of cases result in mild symptoms, some develop pneumonia and multi-organ failure.

As of March 28, 2020, the overall rate of deaths per number of diagnosed cases is 4.6 percent; ranging from 0.2 percent to 15 percent according to age group and other health problems.

Vaccine

So far, no vaccine is available, but research into developing a vaccine has been undertaken by various agencies. Previous work on SARS-CoV is being utilized because SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV both use the ACE2 receptor to enter human cells. There are three vaccination strategies being worked out.

In the first place, researchers are aiming at building a whole virus vaccine. The use of such a vaccine aims to elicit a prompt immune response of the human body to a new infection with COVID-19.

The second strategy, (subunit vaccines,) aims at creating a vaccine that sensitizes the immune system to certain subunits of the virus. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, such research focuses on the S-spike protein that helps the virus intrude the ACE2 enzyme receptor.

The third strategy is that of the nucleic acid vaccines (DNA or RNA vaccines, a novel technique for creating a vaccination). Experimental vaccines from any of these strategies would have to be tested for safety and efficacy.
On 16 March 2020, the first clinical trial of a vaccine started with four volunteers in Seattle. The vaccine contains a harmless genetic code copied from the virus that causes the disease.

Pro-viral

The virus is mainly spread during close contact or through respiratory globule produced when people cough or sneeze. Respiratory droplets may be produced during breathing but the virus is not generally airborne. People may also contract COVID-19 by touching a contaminated surface and then their face. It is most contagious when people are symptomatic.  Substantial transmission occurs from asymptomatic individuals.

The virus can survive on surfaces up to 72 hours; 24 hours on cardboard; 72 hours on steel and plastic.
Time from exposure to onset of symptoms is generally between two and fourteen days, with an average of five days. The standard method of diagnosis is by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. The infection can also be diagnosed from a combination of symptoms, risk factors and a chest CT scan showing features of pneumonia.

Recommended measures to prevent infection include frequent hand washing, social distancing (maintaining physical distance from others, especially from those with symptoms), covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue or inner elbow, and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. The use of masks is recommended by some national health authorities for those who suspect they have the virus and their caregivers, but not for the general public, although simple cloth masks may be used by those who desire them.

So far, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19. Management involves treatment of symptoms, supportive care, isolation, and experimental measures.

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020 and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Local transmission of the disease has been recorded in many countries across all six WHO regions.
It’s my firm belief that like wise previous threats, this threat  of Covid-19 would also go past in couple of days or else how would this doctrine go true that Allah has created human beings in the best way. Man is the best of Allah’s all creatures. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????